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Russian monitor Admiral Spiridov
The Russian monitor ''Admiral Spiridov'' was the name ship of her class of monitors built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1860s. The ship was assigned to the Baltic Fleet upon completion and remained there for her entire career. Aside from an accidental collision her service was uneventful. The sister ships were reclassified as coast-defense ironclads in 1892 before they became training ships in 1900. ''Admiral Spiridov'' was stricken from the Navy List in 1907 and became a coal-storage barge. Her ultimate fate is unknown.
==Design and description==
The ''Admiral Spiridov''-class monitors were significantly larger than their predecessors, the , and were long at the waterline. They had a beam of and a maximum draft of . The ships were designed to displace , but turned out to be overweight and actually displaced . Their crew consisted of 280 officers and crewmen. The ''Admiral Spiridov'' class had a single two-cylinder horizontal direct-acting steam engine, which drove a single propeller using steam provided by four rectangular fire-tube boilers. The engine was designed to produce a total of , which gave the ship a speed of from when she ran her initial sea trials in 1871. Two years later, ''Admiral Spiridov'' ran them again, this time reaching . The ship carried of coal which gave her a range of at full speed. She was fitted with three masts in a light fore-and-aft rig to steady her and aid in maneuvering.〔McLaughlin, pp. 115–16, 122–23〕
The monitors were ultimately designed to be armed with four Obukhov 9-inch rifled guns, a pair in each turret. In 1874–75 the guns were replaced by a single gun. During the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, a 9-inch mortar was fitted to attack the thin deck armor of enemy ships, but accuracy was poor and they were later removed, probably in the early 1880s. ''Admiral Spiridov'' retained her original guns until 1902, although a more powerful 11-inch gun may have been installed after that date. Light guns for use against torpedo boats were added to the ''Admiral Spiridov''-class ships during the Russo-Turkish War when a pair of 4-pounder guns were mounted on the roofs of each gun turret. A variety of other small guns are known to have been fitted, but details are lacking. The ships could also carry 12 to 15 mines.〔McLaughlin, pp. 118–20〕
The hull of the ''Admiral Spiridov''-class monitors was completely covered by wrought-iron armor that was thick amidships and thinned to aft and forward of the main belt. The turrets had 6 inches of armor, except around the gun ports, where it thickened to 6.5 inches. The conning tower was thick and the deck armor was in two layers with a total thickness of 1 inch.〔McLaughlin, pp. 121–22〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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